• It is now known that cholinergic signaling

  2021-02-04

  

  It is now known that cholinergic signaling plays a vital role in controlling many peripheral functions including skeletal and smooth muscle contraction, autonomic postganglionic neuron activation, parasympathetic end-organ activation (e.g., salivary, lacrimal and bronchial glands), regulation of car

• Cell swelling stimulates the release of certain amino

  2021-02-04

  

  Cell swelling stimulates the release of certain amino acids, in particular the non-protein amino Cladribine taurine, via a pathway which has the characteristics of a channel rather than a carrier [54], [69]. Indeed, on the basis of pharmacological inhibition, it was suggested that volume-activated t

• br Conclusions Enzyme prodrug therapy mediated by

  2021-02-04

  

  Conclusions Enzyme prodrug therapy mediated by implantable biomaterials combines the benefits offered by the site specific drug delivery techniques and the systemic administration of drugs. From the former, SMEPT inherits the localized mode of drug delivery with lower systemic distribution of the

• Ubiquitin activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by a three s

  2021-02-04

  

  Ubiquitin-activating enzyme activates ubiquitin by a three-step process with ATP as a cofactor (Chen et al., 2011, Haas and Rose, 1982, Haas et al., 1982). We demonstrated that ATP is required for mRFP-Ub–E1 formation under non-reducing conditions (Fig. 2A). A time course of radioactive ATP producti

• Advances in the total chemical synthesis

  2021-02-04

  

  Advances in the total chemical synthesis of ubiquitin have enabled the efficient synthesis of new and improved ubiquitin-based reagents. Using an optimized linear synthesis, ubiquitin can now be easily obtained in high yield and purity [35]. Using this synthetic methodology, ubiquitin can be functio

• Experimentally measured DGAT activity was first reported

  2021-02-03

  

  Experimentally measured DGAT activity was first reported by Weiss et al. (1960) and several different types of DGAT enzyme have since been described in plants [12,41,42]. As recently as 2011 there appeared to be just two DGAT enzymes both in plants and in other eukaryotes, namely DGAT1 and DGAT2 [43

• An AmDH is engineered by mutating

  2021-02-03

  

  An AmDH is engineered by mutating two conserved amino read full report residues in the active site of an amino acid dehydrogenase (AADH). Starting from the leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH) from Bacillus stearothermophilus, substituting a serine and leucine at the K68 and N261 positions, respectively,

• Sequence alignment of cfALDH with the human ALDH indicates

  2021-02-03

  

  Sequence alignment of cfALDH with the human ALDH1 indicates that the cyanobacterial protein contains the same GQCC motif as the human ALDH1 and ALDH2 proteins [24] (Fig. 1d, highlighted in red, and Supplementary Fig. 2). This motif is present in ALDH1/2 orthologues and these residues reside at the b

• The discoidin domain receptors DDR and

  2021-02-03

  

  The discoidin domain receptors, DDR1 and DDR2, are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are stimulated by collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Unlike most other RTKs, they form ligand-independent stable dimers that are non-covalently linked. This ECM activation induces receptor phosphorylati

• Studies carried out with LTRAs before the identification of

  2021-02-03

  

  Studies carried out with LTRAs before the identification of the CysLT2R, showed a controversial picture, as results that suggest a role for cysteinyl-LTs in the expansion of ischemic damage and in cardiac dysfunction during reperfusion [5], [68], [69] were evenly balanced by others suggesting that t

• Due to cell cell interactions high concentrations

  2021-02-03

  

  Due to cell-cell interactions, high concentrations of LTs can be locally generated in a short period of time during an inflammatory response, thus potentiating LT function. The cellular communication can be mediated between immune cells as well as between immune cells other cell types. Several studi

• To evaluate the new quadrupolar

  2021-02-03

  

  To evaluate the new quadrupolar CPA (qCPA) the pure fluid properties of CO2 are predicted both in the critical region and in the compressed liquid region. The model is furthermore applied for the prediction and correlation of binary mixtures with CO2 and n-alkanes, water, alcohols and a few quadrupo

• Nowadays it is possible to detect the AChE

  2021-02-03

  

  Nowadays it is possible to detect the AChE inhibitors by several methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [11], ion mobility spectrometry [12] and lab-on-chip devices [13,14]. However, almost all instrumental detection techniques that are able to conclusively determine the presence of th

• In this study the ASTM

  2021-02-03

  

  In this study, the ASTM C1260 and ASTM C1567 test methods were followed to conduct the ASR tests. Three mortar bars were prepared using three types of RHA (600-RHA, 150-RHA, and 44-RHA) and CFA. To prepare the mortar bars, the OPC was replaced by each type of RHA for 10% and 20%, respectively by wei

• The nuclear receptor NR superfamily

  2021-02-03

  

  The nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand regulated transcription factors has proven to be a rich source of targets for the development of therapeutics for a wide range of human diseases. The NR3B subfamily known as the estrogen-related receptor (ERRα[NR3B1], ERRβ[NR3B2] and ERRγ[NR3B3]) regul

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