• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by Slovak Academ

  2022-01-03

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by Slovak Academy of Sciences grants VEGA 2/0052/10 and 2/0045/10. Both clinical observations and preclinical studies suggest that hypofunction of -methyl--aspartate (NMDA) receptor is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Thus, therapeuti

• Increasing evidence has shown that blockade of glutamate

  2022-01-03

  

  Increasing evidence has shown that blockade of glutamate uptake leads to aberrant behavioral consequences. For example, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection or microinjection of the GLT-1 inhibitor, dihydrokainic nevertheless (DHK), into the prefrontal cortex induces anhedonia [8,9]. Microinje

• Introduction Glucocorticoids are released in response to str

  2022-01-03

  

  Introduction Glucocorticoids are released in response to stress and play an important role in inflammation, cellular growth, development, body fluid homeostasis, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. However, circulating glucocorticoid excess has been associated with a classical phenotype of

• Despite a large amount of uptake

  2022-01-03

  

  Despite a large amount of uptake for both nanoparticles, only after transport across intestinal epithelia do the nanoparticles really contribute to improving absorption. Though the transport of nanorods across monolayer was a little bit more than nanospheres, the total transport was less than 2% (A

• Allergic rhinitis characterized by inflammation of the nasal

  2022-01-03

  

  Allergic rhinitis, characterized by inflammation of the nasal membrane, results from an over-activated immune system exposed to Atractyloside Dipotassium Salt in sensitized individuals, and is associated with nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and pruritus. As histamine is a key mediator in tr

• 2 deoxy d glucose Nazar and colleagues reported a normal HER

  2022-01-03

  

  Nazar and colleagues reported a normal HER2 gene number in 13 primary and 2 recurrent ethmoid sinus adenocarcinomas, without any histological and immunohistochemical characterization, so a comparison with the present findings is impossible [14]. More recently, 552 head and neck carcinomas have been

• The present results indicate that oxidative damage in CFS

  2021-12-31

  

  The present results indicate that oxidative damage in CFS muscles is not due to the decline in the efficiency of antioxidative enzymes. This suggests that there is an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species consistent with a mitochondrial origin of the damage. Mitochondria represent th

• br Family A Receptors as Promiscuous Sensors for Peptone and

  2021-12-31

  

  Family A Receptors as Promiscuous Sensors for Peptone and Free Fatty Acids (FFAs) In addition to the family C 7TM receptors, several family A 7TM receptors are promiscuous in their ligand preferences, and several respond to organic nutrients from food, notably protein degradation products and FFA

• A linker length of and atoms was found to

  2021-12-31

  

  A linker length of 4 and 5 atoms was found to be optimal ( and ) compared to the only weakly active compounds with longer linkers ( and ) or the inactive compounds with shorter linker chains (–). In a next step incorporation of hetero-atoms in the linker was explored (). An amide linker as in and d

• Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate

  2021-12-31

  

  Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate with cognitive decline in HAND patients. Synapse loss induced by HIV proteins occurs early and via a different signaling pathway from that leading to neuronal death (Kim et al., 2008), suggesting that synapse loss might be a mechanism to re

• In conclusion the present study demonstrated that peripheral

  2021-12-31

  

  In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that peripheral nerve exposure to HIV gp120 increased the expression levels of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs and enhanced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rat models. Up-regulation of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs further promoted the release of

• The dorsal horn of the

  2021-12-31

  

  The dorsal horn of the spinal cord shows a high density of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors, particularly in the superficial spinal laminae (laminae I and II), where primary afferents carrying nociceptive and thermoreceptive inputs terminate and synapse on spinal second-order neurons (Engelman et al.,

• br Structures of human secretase Before the near atomic

  2021-12-30

  

  Structures of human γ-secretase Before the near-atomic resolution structures, the highest resolutions achieved for γ-secretase were 15 and 12Å [19, 21]. The 15-Å structure revealed a Ebastine chamber in the transmembrane domain and two pores at the top and bottom of γ-secretase, which were specul

• LXRs are physiological regulators of cholesterol and lipid m

  2021-12-30

  

  LXRs are physiological regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism and influence glucose metabolism. In addition, they have been shown to repress transcription of certain pro-inflammatory genes (Jakobsson et al., 2012; Ogawa et al., 2005; Terasaka et al., 2005). Thus, LXRs can either activate or

• Praziquantel GLP is released in response to ingestion

  2021-12-30

  

  GLP-1 is released in response to ingestion of nutrients including carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Recent studies aimed at identifying the receptors involved in nutrient stimulated GLP-1 secretion have identified free fatty Praziquantel receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120) as a potential 7TM receptor involved

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