• br Family A Receptors as Promiscuous Sensors for Peptone and

  2021-12-31

  

  Family A Receptors as Promiscuous Sensors for Peptone and Free Fatty Acids (FFAs) In addition to the family C 7TM receptors, several family A 7TM receptors are promiscuous in their ligand preferences, and several respond to organic nutrients from food, notably protein degradation products and FFA

• A linker length of and atoms was found to

  2021-12-31

  

  A linker length of 4 and 5 atoms was found to be optimal ( and ) compared to the only weakly active compounds with longer linkers ( and ) or the inactive compounds with shorter linker chains (–). In a next step incorporation of hetero-atoms in the linker was explored (). An amide linker as in and d

• Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate

  2021-12-31

  

  Dendritic damage and loss of synaptic connections correlate with cognitive decline in HAND patients. Synapse loss induced by HIV proteins occurs early and via a different signaling pathway from that leading to neuronal death (Kim et al., 2008), suggesting that synapse loss might be a mechanism to re

• In conclusion the present study demonstrated that peripheral

  2021-12-31

  

  In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that peripheral nerve exposure to HIV gp120 increased the expression levels of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs and enhanced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rat models. Up-regulation of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs further promoted the release of

• The dorsal horn of the

  2021-12-31

  

  The dorsal horn of the spinal cord shows a high density of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors, particularly in the superficial spinal laminae (laminae I and II), where primary afferents carrying nociceptive and thermoreceptive inputs terminate and synapse on spinal second-order neurons (Engelman et al.,

• br Structures of human secretase Before the near atomic

  2021-12-30

  

  Structures of human γ-secretase Before the near-atomic resolution structures, the highest resolutions achieved for γ-secretase were 15 and 12Å [19, 21]. The 15-Å structure revealed a Ebastine chamber in the transmembrane domain and two pores at the top and bottom of γ-secretase, which were specul

• LXRs are physiological regulators of cholesterol and lipid m

  2021-12-30

  

  LXRs are physiological regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism and influence glucose metabolism. In addition, they have been shown to repress transcription of certain pro-inflammatory genes (Jakobsson et al., 2012; Ogawa et al., 2005; Terasaka et al., 2005). Thus, LXRs can either activate or

• Praziquantel GLP is released in response to ingestion

  2021-12-30

  

  GLP-1 is released in response to ingestion of nutrients including carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Recent studies aimed at identifying the receptors involved in nutrient stimulated GLP-1 secretion have identified free fatty Praziquantel receptor 4 (FFA4/GPR120) as a potential 7TM receptor involved

• IWP-L6 br Chemistry All the title

  2021-12-30

  

  Chemistry All the title molecules were generally synthesized using the procedures shown in Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Scheme 3 [17,18,23,24]. The key 2-chloropyrimidine intermediate 11 was prepared according to our previously reported method via subsequent formylation, reduction, and nucleophilic substi

• br Conclusion br Disclosure of interest br

  2021-12-30

  

  Conclusion Disclosure of interest Introduction The Joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) proposed the ambitious global goal of achieving the "90-90-90" target by 2020 and ending the HIV epidemic by 2030 (Barton-Knott, 2014). One important measure is to monitor the incidence

• br Acknowledgments This study was financially supported by N

  2021-12-30

  

  Acknowledgments This study was financially supported by National Science Center Poland grant No DEC-2011/02/A/NZ4/00031 (KKK), Jagiellonian University Medical College (Poland) grants: K/ZDS/007130 (SM) and K/ZDS/007131 (SM), COST Action CA15135 (DŁ, HS, KKK) and DFG INST 208/664-1 FUGG (HS). Than

• It is important to note that histamine H

  2021-12-30

  

  It is important to note that histamine H1 and H2 receptors are coupled to different G proteins and that their crossinterference induced by histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonists depends on the cointernalization mechanism. To date, histamine H1 and H2 receptor inverse agonist have shown to int

• Several plant derived molecules such

  2021-12-30

  

  Several plant-derived molecules such as resveratrol, curcumin, zerumbone, and physalin B have been reported as modulators of Hh/Gli signaling pathway (Hosoya et al., 2008, Mohapatra et al., 2015). Our previous studies have demonstrated that a sesquiterpene lactone and diarylheptanoids from Siegesbec

• The HCV Ag immunoassay has been shown from previous

  2021-12-30

  

  The HCV-Ag immunoassay has been shown from previous studies to be an adequate alternative to the two-stage diagnostic process [6], [9], [16]. Kesli et al. reported a high correlation coefficient of 0.864 when comparing HCV core antigen levels with HCV RNA levels (detected using Qiagen HCV RNA test;

• br Substrate Interactions Outside of the Catalytic Cleft

  2021-12-30

  

  Substrate Interactions Outside of the Catalytic Cleft As for other types of protein–protein interactions, kinase–substrate docking interactions can occur through large binding interfaces or through recognition of short linear sequence motifs. For kinases with a large number of substrates, the use

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